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This study investigates individual determinants of fish consumption behaviour based on cross-sectional data collected in Belgium. Analyses show that determinants as hypothesised by the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) and personal characteristics influence fish consumption intention and frequency. Favourable attitude, high subjective norm and high perceived behavioural control have a positive impact...
Twenty years of testing in the field has consistently revealed that food intake is inadequate when packaged military rations are fed as the sole source of food. Food intake is much lower and there is a loss of body weight. Conversely when these rations are fed to students or military personnel for periods ranging from 3 to 42 days in a cafeteria-like setting, food intake is comparable to levels of...
Japanese interpretations of ‘healthy eating’ may differ from those of people in other industrialized countries; however, no studies have addressed this question. Thus, we examined how Japanese people interpret healthy eating and investigated the factors relevant to that interpretation.In the first study, in order to investigate lay interpretations of the meaning of healthy eating, 34 adults were interviewed,...
Satiety ratings are often made using VAS or simple category scales. In order to establish a simple, more quantitative technique to index perceived hunger and/or fullness, research was undertaken to develop and test a labeled magnitude scale of satiety.Thirty-seven subjects rated the semantic meaning of 47 phrases describing different levels of hunger/fullness using magnitude estimation. Eleven phrases...
The extent to which general parenting represents feeding styles in ethnically diverse populations is not well documented. Existing measures of child feeding have focused almost exclusively on specific behaviors of European-American parents. A valid and reliable instrument was developed to identify feeding styles in parents of low-income minority preschoolers. Two hundred thirty-one parents (130 Hispanic;...
This study addresses which specific values play a role in predicting participants' attitudes toward genetically modified food (GMF) and organically grown food (OGF). The first central question is whether the attitudes towards GMF and OGF are influenced by specific values and beliefs. The second central question is whether the attitudes towards GMF and OGF are related to each other, and whether the...
Two experiments tested the hypothesis that restrained eaters display a greater liking for high-fat palatable foods, than do unrestrained eaters. This hypothesis was tested in the affective priming paradigm [Fazio, R. H., Sanbonmatsu, D. M., Powell, M. C., & Kardes, F. R. (1986). On the automatic activation of attitudes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50, 229–238] and in the extrinsic...
Laboratory data with single exposures showed that palatability has a positive relationship with food intake. The question addressed in this study is whether this relationship also holds over repeated exposures in non-laboratory contexts in more natural environments. The data were collected in four field studies, lasting 4–11 days with 307 US Army men and 119 Army women, and comprised 5791 main meals...
The relationship between laboratory and field data was investigated for nine different groupings of 5–7 foods: two main dish groupings, four snack item groupings, and three specific meals. Liking ratings on the nine-point hedonic scale were obtained in an US Army field study and for the same foods in a sensory laboratory. In a subsequent choice simulation laboratory with two food groupings, we offered...
Energy requirements of military personnel (Soldiers, Sailors, Airmen, and Marines) have been measured in garrison and in field training under a variety of climatic conditions. Group mean total energy expenditures for 424 male military personnel from various units engaged in diverse missions ranged from 13.0 to 29.8MJ (3109–7131kcal) per day. The overall mean was 19.3±2.7MJ (mean±SD) (4610±650kcal)...
Life style diseases contribute heavily to inequalities in health. Thus, there is a need for a better understanding of factors affecting health-related habits, such as diet and exercise, among different groups of people. In this study, the work situation is chosen as a point of departure for analyses on health-related perceptions and habits among men from three different occupations: 20 carpenters,...
This paper updates an early review on benzodiazepine-enhanced food intake, published in the first issue of Appetite, and describes the considerable advances since then in the pharmacology of benzodiazepines, their sites and mechanisms of action, and in understanding the psychological processes leading to the increase in food consumption. A great diversity of benzodiazepine receptor ligands have been...
To elucidate the homeostatic consequences of direct pallidal administration of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), short- (2h) and long-term (12h) food intakes, water intake and body temperature were measured after bilateral microinjection of IL-1β (with or without paracetamol/PAR/pretreatment) into the ventro-medial part of the globus pallidus (GP). The effects were compared with those found in vehicle- or vehicle+PAR-treated...
The purpose of the present research was, first, to examine the impact of particular perspectives (Study 1: cognitive and affective; Study 2: moral) on the perception and acceptance of risks associated with meat consumption, and intention to reduce meat consumption in the future. The first study showed that an affective focus generally had a stronger impact on risk perception and acceptance, and intention...
The study was designed to examine: (a) if activating thoughts about control affects anxiety and food intake and (b) if those effects are moderated by dietary restraint. Eighty female undergraduates were administered the Dietary Restraint questionnaire and were primed for cognitions of control or of lack of control. The participants' perceptions of control over food consumption, their state anxiety,...
Beverages are frequently consumed with meals, but their influence on meal energy intake is not understood. We hypothesized that differences in the energy, nutrient content, and sensory properties of beverages consumed with a meal would affect intake. Forty-four women ate lunch in the laboratory once a week for 6 weeks. Lunch was consumed ad libitum, and was served with one of five beverages that were...
This research tested the associations between caregiver feeding styles and children's food consumption patterns among African–American (AA) and Hispanic (H) caregivers and their preschool children. Participants were 231 caregivers (101 AA; 130 H) with children enrolled in Head Start. Caregivers completed questionnaires on authoritarian and authoritative feeding styles (Caregiver's Feeding Styles Questionnaire;...
Which are the main features associated with taste loss in patients exposed to a wide range of drugs and diseases? In 100 consecutive patients admitted to a ward of internal medicine, we assessed taste complaints, performance status, alcohol and tobacco consumptions, diseases, drugs and laboratory data, measuring the electrical taste threshold as primary outcome. After adjusting for age, taste thresholds...
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